Anemoside B4 protects against IgE-dependent allergic responses by suppressing the PLC/IP3 and JAK/STAT3 pathways

Anemoside B4 (AB4) is a natural triterpenoid abundant in the roots of Pulsatilla chinensis. Although various biological activities have been widely attributed to AB4, few studies have focused on its antiallergic effects. In this study the inhibitory effects of AB4 on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic responses were investigated, both in vitro and in vivo, and the mechanism of its effects. IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis was used to elucidate the antiallergic effects of AB4 in vivo. The degranulation assay, calcium imaging, and cytokine and chemokine release in the laboratory of allergic disease 2 (LAD2) cell line were used to evaluate the antiallergic effect of AB4 in vitro. Pathological staining was performed to analyze angiectasis. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the downstream signaling pathways. AB4 dose-dependently attenuated ovalbumin/IgE-induced paw swelling in mice, and reduced the serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and C-C motif chemokine 2. In addition, AB4 suppressed IgE-mediated LAD2 cell degranulation, calcium influx, and PLC/IP3 and JAK/STAT3 phosphorylation. Our results suggest that AB4 inhibits allergic reactions through the PLC/IP3 and JAK/STAT3 pathways.