Insomnia, Emotions, and Job Satisfaction: A Multilevel Study

The authors used experience-sampling methodology to investigate the dynamic relationships among insomnia, emotions, and job satisfaction. Over a period of 3 weeks, 45 employees completed surveys each workday, producing a total of 550 observations. Results revealed that, within individuals, insomnia was associated with increased feelings of hostility and fatigue and decreased feelings of joviality and attentiveness. Insomnia was also negatively related to job satisfaction, and this relationship was mediated by the emotions. Finally, gender moderated the within-individual relationships between insomnia and three of the four emotions such that women were more affected by a poor night of sleep than were men.