Application of Umbilical Cord Serum Eyedrops for the Treatment of Neurotrophic Keratitis

Purpose

To investigate the efficacy of umbilical cord serum eyedrops for the treatment of neurotrophic keratitis.

Design

Prospective noncomparative case series.

Participants

Twenty-eight eyes of 28 patients with neurotrophic keratitis who were refractory to conventional treatment.

Methods

The patients with neurotrophic keraitis were treated with 20% umbilical cord serum eyedrops 6 to 10 times a day. Ophthalmic examinations including best-corrected visual acuity (VA) measurement, corneal sensitivity test, corneal fluorescein staining, and anterior segment photography were performed before and after the treatment. Concentrations of substance P, insulinlike growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and nerve growth factor (NGF) in umbilical cord serum, normal peripheral blood serum, and tears were measured.

Main Outcome Measures

Epithelial healing time; changes of VA and corneal sensitivity after treatment; and levels of substance P, IGF-1, and NGF in umbilical cord serum, normal peripheral blood serum, and tears.

Results

The epithelial defect healed completely in all eyes, with a mean healing time of 4.4±4.0 weeks. The epithelial defect healed within 2 weeks in 8 eyes (28.6%), between 2 and 4 weeks in 14 eyes (50.0%), and after 4 weeks in 6 eyes (21.4%). After treatment, VA improved by >2 lines in 17 eyes (60.7%). Mean pretreatment corneal sensitivity was 21.1±10.5 mm, and mean posttreatment corneal sensitivity was 24.3±11.7 mm (P<0.01). Mean concentrations of substance P, IGF-1, and NGF were 245.3±53.9 pg/ml, 239.0±77.1 ng/ml, and 729.7±72.0 pg/ml in umbilical cord serum; 169.5±81.0 pg/ml, 375.5±51.3 ng/ml, and 401.7±98.1 pg/ml in peripheral blood serum; and 69.8±24.9 pg/ml, 75.7±50.5 ng/ml, and 107.5±70.9 pg/ml in tears, respectively.

Conclusions

Umbilical cord serum contains many neurotrophic factors, and umbilical cord serum eyedrops appeared to be effective for the treatment of neurotrophic keratitis.