Under alkaline condition,using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as the template agent,and tetraethyl orthosilicate as silica sources,with the hydrothermal method and trimethylbenzene to expand the mesoporous silica's size,there modified a kind of mesoporous silica.Using BET,FT-IR and small angle XRD to analyze and characterize mesoporoue silica.In addition,the mesoporous silica's adsorption capacity of lead ion was tested,which shows that the capacity of expanded mesoporous silica is higher than the one haven't be expanded.The adsorption rate of Pb2+is 99.8%.