Effect of deformation amount and deformation steps on microstructure of BNbRE steel was studied by Gleeble—1500D.The microstructure of the samples of BNbRE steel was observed by means of an optical microscope and an scanning electronic microscope.and the hardness value of the sample was measured by HRC sclerometer.The results show that with the increase of deformation amount microstructure of BNbRE steel became trivial apparently.Deformation amount was much,the piece interval of pearlite was thinner.consequently,the strength and the hardness were higher.When other conditions are identical,microstructure was not be effected clearly by deformation steps.