超声波传感器                        
                
                                
                        
                            到达时间                        
                
                                
                        
                            传感器融合                        
                
                                
                        
                            泄漏                        
                
                                
                        
                            声学                        
                
                                
                        
                            到达时间                        
                
                                
                        
                            实时计算                        
                
                                
                        
                            能量(信号处理)                        
                
                                
                        
                            融合                        
                
                                
                        
                            传感器阵列                        
                
                                
                        
                            计算机科学                        
                
                                
                        
                            环境科学                        
                
                                
                        
                            物理                        
                
                                
                        
                            工程类                        
                
                                
                        
                            统计                        
                
                                
                        
                            人工智能                        
                
                                
                        
                            电信                        
                
                                
                        
                            数学                        
                
                                
                        
                            运输工程                        
                
                                
                        
                            哲学                        
                
                                
                        
                            机器学习                        
                
                                
                        
                            无线                        
                
                                
                        
                            环境工程                        
                
                                
                        
                            语言学                        
                
                        
                    
            作者
            
                Tao Wang,Xiaoran Wang,Mingyu Hong            
         
                    
            出处
            
                                    期刊:Sensors
                                                         [Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute]
                                                        日期:2018-09-07
                                                        卷期号:18 (9): 2985-2985
                                                        被引量:33
                                 
         
        
    
            
        
                
            摘要
            
            Ultrasonic gas leak location technology is based on the detection of ultrasonic waves generated by the ejection of pressured gas from leak holes in sealed containers or pipes. To obtain more accurate leak location information and determine the locations of leak holes in three-dimensional space, this paper proposes an ultrasonic leak location approach based on multi-algorithm data fusion. With the help of a planar ultrasonic sensor array, the eigenvectors of two individual algorithms, i.e., the arrival distance difference, as determined from the time difference of arrival (TDOA) location algorithm, and the ratio of arrival distances from the energy decay (ED) location algorithm, are extracted and fused to calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of leak holes. The fusion is based on an extended Kalman filter, in which the results of the individual algorithms are seen as observation values. The final system state matrix is composed of distances between the measured leak hole and the sensors. Our experiments show that, under the condition in which the pressure in the measured container is 100 kPa, and the leak hole–sensor distance is 800 mm, the maximum error of the calculated results based on the data fusion location algorithm is less than 20 mm, and the combined accuracy is better than those of the individual location algorithms.
         
            
 
                 
                
                    
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