Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) leaf aqueous extract ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and reverts inflammatory parameters in Caco-2 cells monolayer

The aqueous extract of Passiflora edulis leaves is rich in bioactive polyphenolics, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, the recovery of barrier dysfunction and the anti-inflammatory effect of P. edulis leaf aqueous extract (PELE) were evaluated using a Caco-2 monolayer model challenged with IL-1β and LPS. After inflammatory stimuli, it was observed a 28% reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and 78% increase of LY permeability. After 48-h treatment with PELE (10 mg mL−1), the monolayer showed 35% increase in TER after inflammatory decreases, and 67% lower LY paracellular permeability, showing a recovery of the monolayer integrity. The treatment also suppressed IL-8 production in 65%. Our results suggest that PELE is a potent source of antioxidants that may promote a protective effect by repairing the intestinal epithelial integrity.