Twiddler's syndrome: a rare cause of implantable cardioverter defibrillator malfunction

A 63-year-old female received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator having been resuscitated from an out-of-hospital (ventricular fibrillation) cardiac arrest. She had pre-existent diagnoses of left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction 15%) and aortic valve and root replacement surgery; coronary angiography revealed modest, non-flow-limiting coronary artery disease only. She sustained significant hypoxic brain injury which improved during her admission to …