The Role of Classical Transient Receptor Potential Channels in the Regulation of Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction

Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is an essential mechanism of the lung matching blood perfusion to ventilation during local alveolar hypoxia. HPV thus optimizes pulmonary gas exchange. In contrast chronic and generalized hypoxia leads to pulmonary vascular remodeling with subsequent pulmonary hypertension and right heart hypertrophy. Among other non-selective cation channels, the family of classical transient receptor potential channels (TRPC) has been shown to be expressed in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Among this family, TRPC6 is essential for the regulation of acute HPV in mice. Against this background, in this chapter we give an overview about the TRPC family and their role in HPV.