Synthesis and characterization of Nasicon (Natrium Super Ionic Conductor) as a sodium ion battery solid electrolyte (Composition X= 1,3; 1,4; 2,3 and 2,4)

Abstract NASICON is a solid electrolyte with prospects in developing secondary batteries. However, it has a drawback, namely low ionic conductivity, making it less efficient when used in sodium-ion batteries. To overcome the weaknesses of NASICON, one way can be to apply the solid-state synthesis method of NASICON in the form (Na 1+x Zr 2 Si x P 3-x O 12 ) derived from Na 2 CO 3 , ZrO 2 , SiO 2 and NH 4 H 2 PO 4 by varying the variable x in the composition of NASICON, where x equals with 1.3; 1.4; 2,3 and 2,4 were chosen to obtain the maximum conductivity of the NASICON solid electrolyte with a calcination time range of 10 and 5 hours at temperatures of 1100 and 1250°C. This study aims to determine the crystal structure of NASICON obtained using XRD analysis, morphology and elemental content using SEM analysis, and conductivity using the four-point probe method. The results showed that the characterization of XRD on NASICON with variations x = 1.3 and 1.4 obtained rhombohedral crystal structures while variations x = 2.3 and 2.4 obtained monoclinic crystal structures, with a crystal size of 8.4143 nm respectively, 8.4145 nm, 8.4146 nm, and 8.4147 nm. While the morphology and elemental composition using SEM showed that the distribution of particles in the sample was not uniform, and there were different porosity sizes for each variation of the x variable. The conductivity obtained using the four-point probe method showed that the ionic conductivity of the NASICON sample was 5.1183 x 10 −5 Scm −1 ; 5.56588 x 10-5 Scm −1 ; 12.0302 Scm −1 , and the maximum conductivity was obtained 15.6349 Scm −1 , at variation x = 2.4. So that the variations x = 2.3 and 2.4 are very well used for applications in the manufacture of NASICON solid electrolytes.