[Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of malignant pleural effusion caused by lung cancer].

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) can occur in nearly all types of malignant tumors, with lung cancer being the most prevalent cause. The presence of MPE indicates an advanced stage or distant spread of the tumor, significantly reducing the patient's life expectancy. Particularly, a substantial amount of pleural effusion can impede heart and lung function, impair blood oxygen perfusion levels in the body, and greatly diminish patients' quality of life. Even when systemic treatment has alleviated the primary lung tumor in some patients, effective control over MPE remains challenging and impacts clinical outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to implement measures for reducing or managing MPE while ensuring standardized treatment for lung cancer. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in diagnosing and treating lung cancer complicated by MPE through extensive basic and clinical research. Based on existing evidence and China's clinical practice experience, relevant experts from the China Association of Health Promotion and Education and Cancer Rehabilitation and Palliative Treatment Professional Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association (CRPC) have summarized key aspects related to diagnosis and treatment consensus opinions for lung cancer complicated by MPE. This aims to establish standardized procedures that will serve as a reference for doctors' clinical practice.恶性胸腔积液几乎可发生于所有恶性肿瘤，其中肺癌是导致恶性胸腔积液最常见的病因。一旦出现恶性胸腔积液表明肿瘤已发生远处播散或已进展至晚期，患者预期寿命将明显缩短。大量的胸腔积液会限制患者的心、肺功能，影响机体血氧灌注水平，严重降低患者的生存质量，甚至部分患者经过全身治疗后在肺部原发肿瘤已获得缓解的前提下，其恶性胸腔积液仍得不到理想控制，影响临床治疗效果。应当在规范化治疗肺癌的同时，积极采取措施，减少或控制恶性胸腔积液。近年来，随着基础研究和临床研究的不断深入，关于肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液的诊断和治疗手段又有了新的进展。中国健康促进与教育协会和中国抗癌协会癌症康复与姑息治疗专业委员会组织相关专家基于现有的研究证据，结合中国的临床实践经验，总结了肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液诊疗的相关问题并提出共识意见，旨在规范肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液的诊断和治疗流程，以期为医师临床诊疗实践提供参考。.