Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: a promising alternative in the therapy of preeclampsia

间充质干细胞 微泡 子痫前期 干细胞 医学 免疫系统 癌症研究 血管生成 免疫学 干细胞疗法 生物信息学 怀孕 生物 病理 小RNA 细胞生物学 生物化学 遗传学 基因
作者
Haoran Shi,Yang Zhang,Jianjian Cui,Hui Tao,Rong Ma,Yuanlong Zhao
出处
期刊:Stem Cell Research & Therapy [Springer Nature]
卷期号:15 (1) 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1186/s13287-024-03652-0
摘要

Preeclampsia (PE) is a common morbid complication during pregnancy, affecting 2%-8% of pregnancies globally and posing serous risks to the health of both mother and fetus. Currently, the only effective treatment for PE is timely termination of pregnancy, which comes with increased perinatal risks. However, there is no effective way to delay pathological progress and improve maternal and fetal outcomes. In light of this, it is of great significance to seek effective therapeutic strategies for PE. Exosomes which are nanoparticles carrying bioactive substances such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, have emerged as a novel vehicle for intercellular communication. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) participate in various important physiological processes, including immune regulation, cell proliferation and migration, and angiogenesis, and have shown promising potential in tissue repair and disease treatment. Recently, MSC-Exos therapy has gained popularity in the treatment of ischaemic diseases, immune dysfunction, inflammatory diseases, and other fields due to their minimal immunogenicity, characteristics similar to donor cells, ease of storage, and low risk of tumor formation. This review elaborates on the potential therapeutic mechanism of MSC-Exos in treating preeclampsia, considering the main pathogenic factors of the condition, including placental vascular dysplasia, immunological disorders, and oxidative stress, based on the biological function of MSC-Exos. Additionally, we discuss in depth the advantages and challenges of MSC-Exos as a novel acellular therapeutic agent in preeclampsia treatment.
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