Development, fabrication, characterization, features and multifarious applications of cryogel polymeric nanoarchitectures: a review

Cryogel (CRG) is a cross-linked form of hydrogel (HDG) synthesized at subzero temperature via freeze-drying technique with unique features including broad surface area, 3-D sponge-appearing architecture, controlled porosity, low-weight, mechanical strength and so on. However, in order to enlarge their scope of applications, thereby limiting their deficiencies, nanoparticulates are embedded within these materials to enhance their performances resulting in the fabrication of cryogel nanoarchitectures. Therefore, this paper elucidates recently emerging trends in development, fabrication, characterization, features and multifarious applications of cryogel polymeric nanoarchitectures.