Goblet cell-expressed microprotein FXYD3 determines gut homeostasis by maintaining mucus barrier integrity

homeostasis and mucin glycosylation, impairing mucus layer integrity. Furthermore, metabolites of gut microbiota, propionate, and butyrate promote FXYD3 expression. In ulcerative colitis patients, FXYD3 expression is significantly downregulated and correlates with disease severity. These findings indicate FXYD3 is a key mediator of host-microbiota interactions for intestinal health.