Recent Advances in NH 2 ‐MIL‐88B(Fe)‐Based Photocatalysts for Environmental Remediation: Design Strategies, Mechanisms, and Applications

Water pollution from industrial sources, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, and heavy metals, continues to be a significant environmental challenge, demanding the development of new, effective treatment methods. Among emerging materials, NH₂-MIL-88B(Fe), an amino-functionalized iron-based metal-organic framework (Fe-MOF), has gained prominence for visible-light-driven photocatalytic water purification. Its unique structural attributes, such as adjustable porosity, impressive stability, and strong ability to absorb visible light, make it an excellent candidate for addressing this issue. This review delves into the latest advancements in NH₂-MIL-88B(Fe), covering its synthesis, structural modifications, and combinations with other materials to boost its photocatalytic performance. The review highlights its effectiveness in degrading organic pollutants, reducing Cr(VI), and treating wastewater, stressing the importance of synergistic interactions and charge transfer mechanisms for enhanced results. Approaches like ligand functionalization, doping, and the creation of heterojunctions are explored to overcome challenges like exciton recombination and limited light absorption. The role of amine groups in improving charge separation and generating reactive species for pollutant breakdown is also discussed. Finally, the review provides insights into the future of NH₂-MIL-88B(Fe)-based photocatalysts, identifying both the hurdles and potential for further advancements in photocatalytic water treatment.