材料科学
阳极
电化学
掺杂剂
锂(药物)
兴奋剂
微观结构
电池(电)
电极
放松(心理学)
密度泛函理论
离子
电导率
分析化学(期刊)
化学物理
冶金
光电子学
化学
热力学
物理化学
计算化学
功率(物理)
有机化学
内分泌学
医学
物理
色谱法
社会心理学
心理学
作者
Po-Wei Chi,Thierry Paul,Yu-Hsuan Su,Kai-Han Su,Chung-Yen Su,Phillip M. Wu,Sea-Fue Wang,Maw-Kuen Wu
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41598-022-08584-4
摘要
Among many transition-metal oxides, Fe3O4 anode based lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have been well-investigated because of their high energy and high capacity. Iron is known for elemental abundance and is relatively environmentally friendly as well contains with low toxicity. However, LIBs based on Fe3O4 suffer from particle aggregation during charge-discharge processes that affects the cycling performance. This study conjectures that iron agglomeration and material performance could be affected by dopant choice, and improvements are sought with Fe3O4 nanoparticles doped with 0.2% Ti. The electrochemical measurements show a stable specific capacity of 450 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C rate for at least 100 cycles in Ti doped Fe3O4. The stability in discharge capacity for Ti doped Fe3O4 is achieved, arising from good electronic conductivity and stability in microstructure and crystal structure, which has been further confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Detailed distribution function of relaxation times (DFRTs) analyses based on the impedance spectra reveal two different types of Li ion transport phenomena, which are closely related with the electron density difference near the two Fe-sites. Detailed analyses on EIS measurements using DFRTs for Ti doped Fe3O4 indicate that improvement in interfacial charge transfer processes between electrode and Li metal along with an intermediate lithiated phase helps to enhance the electrochemical performance.
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