Polyphenolic compounds: Synthesis, assessment of antimicrobial effect and enzymes inhibition against important medicinal enzymes with computational details

Phenolic compounds mainly benefit human health and have many biological activities. Their activities are related to their structure, which allows them to interact with enzymes. The inhibition potencies of synthesized polyphenolic compounds (3a and 3b) were investigated on cholinesterases, α‑Gly, and tyrosinase activities. The structures of 3a and 3b were determined based on spectral data (NMR, UV-vis, XRD pattern, SEM, and EDX). The compounds have effective inhibitory potential with IC50 value between 2.25 ± 0.35-5.66 ± 0.75 µM and Ki values 2.95 ± 0.37-14.86 ± 4.99 µM for AChE, BChE, and tyrosinase. It was determined that the synthesized compounds have biological activities by the MIC and cytotoxicity tests, and they have IC50 values of 16.15 µg/mL and 12.16 µg/mL for the PC-3 cell line, respectively. According to the calculated molecular docking results, these compounds showed the highest binding energy against AChE and tyrosinase enzymes (-11.3 and -10.4 kcal/mol, respectively). The compounds have synthetic accessibility scores of 2.75 and 4.55 based on the drug-likeness properties.