Renal Biopsy and Clinical Pathological Features in 227 Infants

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological features of children under 3 years with renal disease,and summarize the methods and significance of renal biopsy in infants.Methods Percutaneous renal biopsy was performed on 227 infants who were diagnosed as kidney diseases.The specimens were divided into 3 parts for light microscope,electron microscope and immunofluorescence examination respectively and processed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE),periodic acid-schiff(PAS),periodic acid-sliver methenamine(PASM),and Masson staining.Immunofluorescence was used to detect the deposition of IgG,IgM,IgA,C3,C4,C1q,and Fibrin in the renal tissues.Altogether 204 of the specimens were examined by electron microscope.Results All the renal biopsy performed successfully.The top three types of clinical manifestation were nephrotic syndrome(38.3%),isolated hematuria(37.0%) and acute nephritic syndrome(9.3%).The number of se-condary renal disease was relatively small(5.3%).The top three types of renal pathology were mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(62.6%),IgA nephropathy(8.4%) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(5.7%).Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(50 cases),minimal change disease(11 cases) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(9 cases) were the top three pathological types of nephrotic syndrome,while mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(68 cases) and IgA nephropathy(9 cases) were the leading pathological types of isolated hematuria.Conclusions The level of diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease in infants can be improved by safe and effective renal bio-psy while the blind expansion of indications for infant renal biopsy should be avoided.