As an important branch of semantic Web,the semantic desktop can be used to automatically extract the metadata of desktop documents when users are working with their PCs. The metadata can be used to record the characteristics of documents including the general characteristics and the characteristics related to user actions,which is helpful for retrieval. This paper provides a new document retrieval method based on conceptual graphs in the environment of semantic desktop. This new method effectively builds a document indexing structure for helping fast retrieval by using the metadata provided by the semantic desktop. According to experiments,the time performance is improved compared to the previous algorithm of the projection based on the inference process. The experimental results prove the feasibility of the approach as for retrieval time performance.