The risk assessment of abandoned traditional smelting zinc sites in Bijie prefecture was carried out to strengthen control of heavy metal pollution.The results showed that the waste residue and abandoned area from Heini,Tianqiao and Jianshan abandoned traditional smelting zinc sites are the main sources of heavy metal pollution in Bijie prefecture,and there is a risk of cadmium,lead and zinc to harm human health and pollute environment in the abandoned traditional smelting zinc sites and surrounding rural communities of the abandoned traditional smelting zinc sites.