Preparation and thermal conductivity of spherical graphite-filled glycerol-based thermal greases

, corresponding to an enhancement of approximately 12%. This improvement is attributed to π-π interactions between the aromatic rings of TA and s-Gr, together with hydrogen bonding between the phenolic hydroxyl groups of TA and Gly. These interactions enhance filler-matrix affinity, reduce interfacial thermal resistance, and improve the dispersion of s-Gr, thereby facilitating the formation of more efficient heat-transfer pathways. This study broadens the application scope of Gly and provides a valuable reference for the development of more sustainable thermal greases.