Stability of nickel-containing catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of biomass pyrolysis products

Heterogeneous catalysts for the hydrotreatment (hydrodeoxygenation) of biomass fast pyrolysis products (bio-oil) for the production of fuel hydrocarbons are considered. Hydrodeoxygenation catalysts are conventionally divided into three groups: catalysts based on noble metals, sulfided catalysts for desulfurization, and non-sulfided catalysts based on supported transition metals. The main emphasis in this work is on nickel-based non-sulfided catalytic systems as the ones most promising for the hydrotreatment of feedstocks with low content of sulfur. In light of specific features of bio-oil (high acidity and viscosity, low thermal stability), requirements are formulated that must be met in developing hydrodeoxygenation catalysts and processes based on them, especially specifications for the stability of catalysts of this type and their ability for multiple regeneration.