Multi-omics integration reveals that pterostilbene ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced liver injury via the gut–liver axis by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress

multiple targets and pathways, involving the gut-liver axis, inflammatory-oxidative regulation, and metabolic homeostasis. This study provides a theoretical basis for the potential application of PTS in the prevention and treatment of DILI and offers novel insights into liver-protective strategies targeting intestinal microecology.