Objective:To explore the optimal operation manners of interlocking intramedullary nail in treating femoral shaft fractures and its therapeutic effects.Method: Forty five cases (48 limbs) of femoral shaft fractures treated with inter locking intramedullary nail were reviewed.The diaplasis of the fracture was close or open with only a little incision, and the two sides of the fracture were locked with nails by a tris dimension aim implement.Result: All cases were followed up (averaged 13.5 months).91.1 percent of all cases showed excellent function of joints and limbs, and 89.6 percent showed union of fracture (averaged 6.8 months).Infections were found in 1 case (2.1 percent) and nail broken in 1 case (2.1 percent) too.Conclusion: Inter locking intramedullary nail is the first choice in treating femoral shaft fractures.Static locking should be a routine way, and closed reduction, limited enlarging marrows cavity and no or minimal stripping periosteum should be emphasized in the operation of femoral shaft fractures.