This paper proposes a satellite laser communication system based on M-QAM OFDM and analyzes the system performance. The relationship between the link bit error rate and the transmission power under different conditions of atmospheric turbulence intensity and QAM modulation order is simulated. The results show that as the turbulence intensity increases, the QAM modulation order M increases, and the performance of OFDM optical links continues to deteriorate. This provides a reference for parameter optimization and performance evaluation of OFDM optical links in satellite laser communications.