Rediscovery of the myrmecophilous Lucanid genus Xizangia Zhang, 1988 from southwest China (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Lucanidae)

The unexpected rediscovery of the long-lost Penichrolucanini genus Xizangia Zhang, 1988 from China reveals the ant-association of the genus, unlike the termite-association of other Penichrolucanini species from SE Asia. The newly discovered populations of Xizangia from W and S Yunnan belong to a second species of the genus: Xizangia qiuae Huang Chen, new species. Biological observations are given. Adult morphology including mouthparts, hindwing, male and female genitalia and larval morphology are described in detail for the new species. Brasilucanus alvarengai Vulcano Pereira, 1961 and Penichrolucanus copricephalus Deyrolle, 1863 are figured in previously undescribed characters of mouthparts, hindwing and female genitalia. The current state of Penichrolucanini systematics is discussed.