Treatment of post-traumatic carotid–cavernous fistulas using pipeline embolization device assistance

This report describes two cases of post-traumatic, high flow carotid-cavernous fistulas that demonstrated residual shunting after initial embolization with coils and Onyx, and that were successfully closed with pipeline embolization devices. Following their combined endovascular treatments, the patients experienced clinical improvement of symptoms with durable obliteration of the fistulous communications.