Oxygen Vacancy-Augmented Extracellular ROS Generation and Surface Affinity for Arsenic Sequestration in Rice Iron Plaques

OH on rice roots. Notably, the stimulation of extracellular ROS imposes no detectable adverse effects on rice growth. The increase in OVs also significantly enhances the adsorption capacity of rice iron plaques for arsenic sequestration, attributed to the improved surface binding free energy between arsenic and iron plaques. The findings of this study underscore the crucial but previously overlooked role of OVs in regulating arsenic uptake by iron plaques, offering new insights into biogeochemical chemistry of iron coupled to arsenic in the rice rhizospheres.