A Modified Ligature‐Induced Peri‐Implantitis Murine Model and RNA Sequencing Analysis Compared With Human Subjects

During peri-implantitis progression, mouse gingival tissue exhibited increased immune-related functions and inflammation compared with the alveolar bone. Patients with peri-implantitis and the murine model displayed transcriptomic similarities within the gingiva. We propose that the modified ligature-induced peri-implantitis murine model is suitable for investigating peri-implantitis pathogenesis, with macrophages and neutrophils potentially being critical in its development.