The determinant factors of telemedicine users’ behavioral intentions on telemedicine applications: the role of personal innovativeness moderation

Purpose This study aims to examine the key factors influencing public acceptance and continued use of telemedicine services in Indonesia, particularly through mobile health applications. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative research design was used, targeting individuals who had used telemedicine at least once in the past six months. Data were collected from 100 respondents using a purposive sampling technique through an online questionnaire. The study covered multiple locations across Indonesia to reflect regional diversity, including respondents from city centers (e.g. Jakarta and Bandung), small urban areas (e.g. Malang and Padang) and rural regions (e.g. Wonosobo and Pagar Alam). The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and mediation analysis via the Sobel test to explore both the direct and indirect effects of telemedicine adoption. Findings The results demonstrated that information quality, user satisfaction and contamination avoidance significantly influenced the behavioral intention to use telemedicine. By contrast, performance expectancy, engagement and functionality showed limited or no direct effects. The mediation analysis revealed that engagement and satisfaction significantly mediated the relationship between information quality and behavioral intention, underscoring the importance of content reliability and user satisfaction in sustaining telemedicine use. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to individuals with prior telemedicine experience, potentially excluding perspectives from non-users or populations with limited digital access. Originality/value This study makes a significant contribution to the literature on digital health by integrating behavioral, cognitive and contextual factors, such as contamination avoidance and information quality, into the Technology Acceptance Model within the underexplored setting of Indonesia.