Librarian behaviour towards AI: an explorative study of how librarians use AI through the lens of the diffusion of innovations theory

Purpose This study aims to examine librarians’ usage of artificial intelligence (AI) technology by adopting the diffusion of innovations theoretical framework. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was distributed to librarians across different types of libraries in Indonesia, and 106 responses were collected. The questionnaire included both open-ended and Likert-type closed-ended questions to measure respondents’ expectations, perceptions and behaviours. Findings The analysis reveals that most of them are at the “innovator” level on the AI technology adoption scale. This level is characterized by openness and experimentation with the latest technology and more complex AI applications in library services. These findings highlight how librarians not only use AI technology to enhance service efficiency but also lead in the implementation of technology in libraries. Originality/value This study explores AI technology adoption among Indonesian librarians, focusing on their roles as “innovators” within the diffusion of innovations framework.