Green behavior at work of hospitality and tourism employees: evidence from IGSCA-SEM and fsQCA

Although the interplay among moral norms (MN), organizational support (OS), psychological ownership (PO), past green behavior, and green practice behavior (GPB) has been investigated separately in the hospitality and tourism literature, such investigations have been analyzed with the assumption of symmetrical perspective. This research provides additional information by applying both the symmetrical and non-symmetrical paradigms with an innovative methodological approach called the integrated generalized structured component analysis with fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). A survey with 277 respondents indicates that MN, OS, PO, and past green behavior can collectively and efficiently explain variations in GPB at work. Results from fsQCA identify four different combinations of configurations that can shape employees’ behavior to perform green practices at work. In addition, MN is identified as a core factor and confirmed to be an indispensable condition to the occurrence of GPB. Moreover, this study tests and confirms all core tenets of complexity theory. Also, we address the potential sub-additive bias by relying on the perspective of the factor measurement model.