Osmium-Mediated Transformation of 4-Thiouridine to Cytidine as Key To Study RNA Dynamics by Sequencing

Abstract To understand the functional roles of RNA in the cell, it is essential to elucidate the dynamics of their production, processing and decay. A recent method for assessing mRNA dynamics is metabolic labeling with 4‐thiouridine (4sU), followed by thio‐selective attachment of affinity tags. Detection of labeled transcripts by affinity purification and hybridization to microarrays or by deep sequencing then reveals RNA expression levels. Here, we present a novel sequencing method (TUC‐seq) that eliminates affinity purification and allows for direct assessment of 4sU‐labeled RNA. It employs an OsO 4 ‐mediated transformation to convert 4sU into cytosine. We exemplify the utility of the new method for verification of endogenous 4sU in tRNAs and for the detection of pulse‐labeled mRNA of seven selected genes in mammalian cells to determine the relative abundance of the new transcripts. The results prove TUC‐seq as a straight‐forward and highly versatile method for studies of cellular RNA dynamics.