交叉研究
医学
促炎细胞因子
不利影响
内科学
免疫学
炎症
病理
安慰剂
替代医学
作者
Fuyuan Wen,Jing Huang,Yanyan Sun,Yan Zhao,Bingxiao Li,Shaowei Wu,Ling Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119026
摘要
The short-term alteration of peripheral cytokines may be an early adverse health effect of PM2.5 exposure and may be further associated with cardiovascular disease. We conducted a randomized, double-blind crossover trial using true or sham air filtration among 54 healthy college students in Beijing to investigate the potential benefits of short-term indoor air filtration and the adverse health effects of time-weighted personal PM2.5 exposure through inflammatory cytokines. The participants randomly received true or sham air filtration intervention for a week, and the treatment was changed after a two-week washout period. Peripheral blood samples were collected after each intervention period to measure 38 inflammatory cytokines. A linear mixed-effects model was applied to estimate the impacts of air purification or a 10 μg/m3 PM2.5 exposure increase on cytokines. Lag effects of PM2.5 exposure were analyzed using single-day and moving average lag models. Air filtration reduced indoor and time-weighted average personal PM2.5 concentrations by 69.0% (from 33.6 to 10.4 μg/m3) and 40.3% (from 40.6 to 24.3 μg/m3), respectively. We observed a significant association of PM2.5 exposure with growth-regulated alpha protein (GRO-α) of -11.3% (95%CI: 17.0%, -5.4%). In the lag models, significant associations between personal PM2.5 exposure and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1), and eotaxin were obtained at lag0, while associations with cytokines including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β), IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were noted at relatively long lagged exposure windows (lag5-lag6). No significant alteration in cytokines was observed under true air filtration intervention. Our study indicates the effectiveness of air filtration on indoor PM2.5 reduction. PM2.5 exposure may decrease GRO-α levels and change different cytokine levels time-varyingly. Further study is still needed to explore the mechanisms of PM2.5 exposure on the inflammatory response.
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