Recent Advances in Catalytic Conversion of Bioethanol to 1,3‐Butadiene: Reaction Mechanism, Catalyst Design, and Process Scalability

and Zn-Zr mixed oxide), which are uniformly distributed and cooperative, remains a critical challenge in these processes. Despite notable advancements in understanding molecular mechanisms, the design of catalysts for high BD selectivity and process scalability remains the key obstacle to commercial success. The comprehensive summary of ETB process developments provides a foundation for researchers and industry practitioners to advance research and optimize the critical parameters for sustainable BD production.