Immediate dentoskeletal and periodontal effects of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion: Comparison between young vs middle-aged adults

•Young and middle-aged adults were treated with MARPE. •Tomography was used to compare the immediate dentoskeletal and periodontal effects of MARPE. •A success rate of midpalatal suture opening of 100% and 81% was observed for young and middle adults. •No intergroup differences were found with increased maxillary and dental arch widths. •After MARPE, young and middle adults showed similar dentoskeletal and periodontal changes. Introduction This study aimed to compare the dentoskeletal and periodontal changes after miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) in patients aged 18-29 and 30-45 years. Methods The sample comprised 28 subjects with transverse maxillary discrepancy successfully treated with MARPE. The young adult (YA) group comprised 14 subjects (mean age, 22.8 years; 3 male, 11 female). The middle adult (MA) group comprised 14 subjects (mean age, 36.8 years; 6 male, 8 female). All patients were treated with a 4-miniscrew MARPE expander. The activation protocol was one quarter turn twice a day until the midline diastema opening, followed by one quarter turn a day until overcorrection. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans taken before and immediately after the expansion was analyzed using OnDemand3D Dental software. Using CBCT coronal images, transversal dentoskeletal and periodontal variables were measured in the preexpansion and postexpansion. Intergroup comparisons of expansion changes were performed using t and Mann-Whitney tests (P <0.05). Results Groups were compatible at preexpansion for most CBCT measurements. A success rate of midpalatal suture opening of 100% and 81% was observed for YA and MA groups, respectively. No intergroup differences were found for the maxillary and dental arch widths increases. The buccal tip of anchorage teeth was observed similarly in both groups. The buccal bone thickness of posterior teeth decreased, and the palatal bone thickness increased after expansion with no difference between groups. Conclusions After MARPE, the MA group showed similar dentoskeletal and periodontal changes compared to the YA group.