混响
声学
调幅
噪音(视频)
辅音
调制(音乐)
语音识别
鉴定(生物学)
振幅
计算机科学
频率调制
电信
物理
光学
人工智能
带宽(计算)
植物
元音
图像(数学)
生物
作者
Zhao Peng,Vijayalakshmi Easwar
出处
期刊:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
[Acoustical Society of America]
日期:2024-02-01
卷期号:155 (2): 1071-1085
摘要
Children's speech understanding is vulnerable to indoor noise and reverberation: e.g., from classrooms. It is unknown how they develop the ability to use temporal acoustic cues, specifically amplitude modulation (AM) and voice onset time (VOT), which are important for perceiving distorted speech. Through three experiments, we investigated the typical development of AM depth detection in vowels (experiment I), categorical perception of VOT (experiment II), and consonant identification (experiment III) in quiet and in speech-shaped noise (SSN) and mild reverberation in 6- to 14-year-old children. Our findings suggested that AM depth detection using a naturally produced vowel at the rate of the fundamental frequency was particularly difficult for children and with acoustic distortions. While the VOT cue salience was monotonically attenuated with increasing signal-to-noise ratio of SSN, its utility for consonant discrimination was completely removed even under mild reverberation. The reverberant energy decay in distorting critical temporal cues provided further evidence that may explain the error patterns observed in consonant identification. By 11–14 years of age, children approached adult-like performance in consonant discrimination and identification under adverse acoustics, emphasizing the need for good acoustics for younger children as they develop auditory skills to process distorted speech in everyday listening environments.
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