Charging management and pricing strategy of electric vehicle charging station based on mean field game theory

Abstract As an intermediary between the power grid and the electric vehicles (EVs) in the charging station, the charging pile promotes the exchange of electric energy between the power grid and EV group and also brings benefits to the charging station. It is difficult to accurately analyze the detailed energy trading behavior of a large number of charging piles with the power grid and EV group. Based on the theoretical framework of mean field game (MFG), this paper considers the battery degradation and charging efficiency taking into account the charging demand of EVs, the charging control problem of energy storage charging piles is proposed to achieve the goal of minimizing the cost of the charging station. In addition to modeling the interaction between the charging station and power grid and EVs as a finite‐time dynamic game problem, optimal decentralized energy scheduling control strategies are formulated for charging piles, and by introducing the mean field term, the optimal pricing strategy for power trading between the charging station and EVs is obtained under the mean field equilibrium condition. An iterative algorithm is proposed to solve the charging control problem, and the rationality of the problem and the effectiveness of the algorithm are verified by numerical simulation.