NFC-enabled photothermal-based microfluidic paper analytical device for glucose detection

for glucose. Additionally, while our sensor does not utilize any enzyme, it is remarkably selective to glucose with no effects from interferences. Recovery studies in various human control samples indicated a range of 99.73-102.66% with the highest RSD of 3.53%, making it highly accurate and precise. Moreover, our method is more sensitive than other methods relying on conventional µPADs for glucose sensing. By integrating the potential benefits of microfluidics, nanomaterials as nanozymes, and NFC technology for wireless readout, our sensor demonstrates great promise as an accessible, affordable, and shelf-stable device for glucose quantification. Moreover, this concept can be extended to detect other molecules of interest as a point-of-care (POC) diagnostics device.