Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Sjögren disease

Recent advances provide a framework for precision medicine in SjD, integrating molecular and imaging biomarkers into patient selection and treatment monitoring. Clinically, this could enable earlier diagnosis, individualized risk assessment, and tailored therapy. Research priorities now include validating diagnostic innovations in diverse populations, elucidating phenotype-specific mechanisms, and conducting adequately powered, biomarker-driven trials to optimize therapeutic efficacy.