Influeтce of biogenic surface-active substances and microbial preparation on the morphometric parameters of seedlings of Raphanus sativus L. and Pisum arvense L.

It was determined that oilseed radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) and field pea ( Pisum arvense L.) are promising plants for phytoremediation of oil contaminated soils. The stimulating effect of the preparation based on oil-degrading microorganisms and biogenic surfactants (biosurfactants) on growth parameters of oilseed radish and field pea seedlings when grown in contaminated soils (2, 5 and 8% of crude oil) was determined. The greatest effect was detected for joint application of biosurfactants and microorganisms: the first stage – introduction of microbial preparation into the soil, second stage – planting of the seeds treated with biosurfactant solutions (rhamnolipid biocomplex PS or trehalose lipids). Such combined approach provides preliminary partial degradation of oil in soil by microorganisms, while biogenic surfactants can promote better assimilation of nutrients and water influencing the permeability of cell membranes of plants. It was shown that filed pea is more stable and perspective plant for cultivation on oil contaminated soil. The obtained results testify to the prospects of combined use of the preparation based on oil-degrading microorganisms and biogenic surfactants for enhancement of plant tolerance to adverse conditions such as petroleum contamination in soils. Keywords: microbial preparation, biogenic surfactants, rhamnolipid biocomplex, trehalose lipids, oil contamination, phytoremediation, oilseed radish, field pea.