Vibration Transmission and Isolation in the Cutting Process of Machine Tools

Background: Machining is an important method for manufacturing parts. It is characterized by high cutting speed with a considerable influence of high-frequency vibration. Various relevant papers and patents have studied vibration transmission and isolation in the machining process. Objective: To investigate vibration transmission and isolation in the machining process, and simplify the cutting process of a machine tool. Methods: Firstly single-layer and double-layer vibration isolation models are established, the substructure matrix analysis method is adopted and the vibration power flow transmission characteristics of double-layer vibration isolation system under complex excitation are analyzed. Secondly, the optimal control strategy based on the minimum power flow inputted into the base is proposed. Then the control effect of the active actuator under different installation modes is analysed and compared. Results: It has been proved that low-frequency coupling is characterized by the rigid mode of the workpiece or the grinding wheel when cutting, whereas high-frequency coupling exhibits the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool bed. A good vibration isolation effect can be achieved for three types of installation modes in a double-layer vibration isolation system, and only the actuators installed between the vibration source and the middle mass exhibit the best control effect. Conclusion: The vibration isolation model has been established and the optimal installation mode of the actuator in the double-layer vibration isolation system has been found. And the paper provides a reference for the study of vibration transmission, control of machine tools and the elimination of grinding chatter.