Der Energieverbrauch zur Herstellung von Mineralölprodukten

In this paper, the factors of the specific energy consumption for the production of refinery products are presented, calculated by means of the computer program »Model Refinery of Germany«. This model, already presented in an earlier paper [1], includes all major processes installed today in German refineries. The calculated factors are only valid for today's structure of demand and production of petroleum products. This limitation must be considered in the development of strategies for the most efficient use of petroleum products and for the reduction of CO 2 -emissions, respectively. The assumption of constant factors of the specific energy consumption for the production of individual refinery products leads to wrong conclusions, if extrapolation from today's market structure is necessary. For example, the factor of the specific energy consumption for the production of diesel oil is at present about half of the one of gasoline. In addition, diesel engines are more effective as Otto engines in terms of C02-emissions per km. These two figures easily (mis)lead to the assumption that the CO 2 -emissions are considerabely reduced by substituting gasoline by diesel oil. However, this paper shows that the potential reduction of CO 2 -emissions - resulting from production and use of gasoline and diesel oil - would only be less than 1%: - The potential production of diesel oil instead of gasoline is limited, e. g. in German refineries to about 5 million t/a, even if all FCC-plants were replaced by hydrocrackers. - In this case, the specific energy consumption for the production of diesel oil (respectively of kerosine and of light fuel oil) will increase by about 20 %. This leads to an increase of the total energy consumption of oil refining by 3 %, whereby nearly all the obtainable energy savings of street-traffic are brought to nothing.