Mechanical properties of novel unidirectional gradient origami structures inspired by origami lantern

Although the unique designs and exceptional properties make origami structures at the forefront of engineering technology, the comprehensive understanding of their programmable mechanical properties remains underexplored. To address this gap, this study introduces a novel unidirectional gradient origami structure with tunable stiffness, drawing inspiration from traditional Chinese lantern configurations. The proposed structure is designed based on the origami lantern, and its mechanical properties are rigorously benchmarked against the classical Miura origami through finite element analysis. Subsequently, the unidirectional gradient pattern of the proposed origami is designed, and its remarkable mechanical properties are investigated. Parametric studies are conducted to evaluate the influence of key geometric parameters, such as wall thickness and fold angle, on the structure’s mechanical behavior. Quasi-static compression experiments validate the numerical findings, demonstrating that the proposed structure achieves enhanced load-bearing capacity and tunable stiffness through its unique gradient design. This work advances the understanding of functional origami metamaterials and offers insights into tailoring mechanical properties through geometric gradients.