The Role of CDKs in the Regulation of the Monocyte/Macrophage Immune Response

Monocytes/macrophages play an important role in controlling the onset andprogression of inflammatory responses by changing their activation state. Inflammationaccompanies some slowly progressing pathologies, such as neurodegenerative diseases,rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and other inflammatory disorders. Monocyte/-macrophage differentiation and polarization are accompanied by transcriptional profilechanges. A better understanding of the specific ligands and receptors involved in the regulationof immune cell transcription will help to identify selective molecular targets forthe therapy of inflammatory diseases. CDKs are key regulators of cell cycle and transcriptionin eukaryotes. Thus, this review is aimed to examine the role of CDKs in themonocyte-macrophage response and the data obtained from relevant experiments. M1macrophages can trigger harmful inflammatory responses. A potential solution is to shiftthe polarization of macrophages towards the protective anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype(macrophage reprogramming). The mechanisms regulating this switch are crucialfor the proper functioning of monocytes and macrophages. Inhibition of different typesof CDKs leads to changes in the functional activity of monocytes/macrophages. It hasbeen shown that monocytes/macrophage differentiation and immune functions are dependenton CDK activity. Recent studies on CDKs and their role in the immune systemhave concluded that their activity plays an essential role in monocyte/macrophage differentiationand immune functions. However, the role of CDKs in monocytes,macrophages, and the immune response is not fully understood. Unraveling the role oftranscriptional regulators could provide valuable insights for the development of newtreatments for macrophage-mediated inflammatory diseases.