The Pathway of Urban Planning AI: From Planning Support to Plan-Making

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly gaining prominence as a crucial technology to transform and reshape the field of urban planning. However, several unanswered questions persist regarding the potential impacts of AI on urban and regional planning research and practice, as well as the issues involved and the appropriate responses and plans. This paper aims to address these concerns in the AI-enabled planning process and accordingly create a typology of urban planning AI to categorize and outline the progression of AI in urban planning, ranging from AI-assisted and AI-augmented planning to AI-automated and eventually AI-autonomized planning, based on a scoping literature review.