South of the Empire: Inka-Style Pottery Production in Relation to Local Pottery Traditions in the Upper-Middle Basin of the Aconcagua Valley (Central Chile)

This study aims to identify the nature and degree of state control over the production of Inka-style pottery used in political commensalism in the upper-middle basin of Aconcagua Valley during the Late Period (1400–1536 CE). Sherds from Inka-style flared-rim jar (maka) and shallow plate forms are compared to local styles from the Late Intermediate Period (1000–1400 CE), Diaguita, and new non-Inka Late Period ceramic manifestations. The potsherds are characterized technologically through macrotrace analysis, thin-section petrography, and geochemical and mineralogical analyses (pXRF, µ-XRD²). This demonstrates continuities in ceramic production, such as the use of common local raw materials and vessel construction by coiling, both before and during the Inka rule. It also reveals innovations, including new finishing techniques, changes in firing atmosphere control, and pigment recipes. The significance of these findings is discussed in terms of the influence of the Inka, possible foreign specialists (Diaguitas), and local agencies on ceramic production.