9. Needless and syringeless electrospinning for mass production

It is well known that electrospinning is a convenient method of fabricating polymeric nanofiber with a high surface area. Despite the convenience, electrospinning has not been used in practical applications because it has a lower production rate than conventional spinning methods. The lower production rate is caused by the electrospinning solution supplier. Many fabrication methods have been invented to overcome this limitation. For instance, multineedle electrospinning is the easiest way to increase the electrospinning production rate. However, although multineedle electrospinning increases the production rate, the method causes the morphological destruction of electrospun nanofiber because of electrical interference between needles. Herein, we introduce a new fabrication method for mass production of nanofiber based on the electrospinning process. Needleless electrospinning and syringeless electrospinning are introduced in this section. Particularly, the syringeless electrospinning contributes to the green electrospinning because the water-based polymeric solution can be easily used for material. In addition, the basic mechanism and driving force of the processes is also introduced. Furthermore, a way to increase the electrospinning production rate is discussed.