Summary In the mare, there is a high incidence of early embryonic mortality which corresponds to early conceptus development and the time of maternal recognition of pregnancy. The need for synchrony between the developing conceptus and the uterine environment emphasises the delicate processes of establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Further research is necessary to investigate the environments of the conceptus and uterus, and their interaction, for a better understanding of these processes and ultimately a reduction in early embryonic loss.