Soil Arching Effect Analysis via a Modified Finite Element Model Based on a Field Test

Abstract Soil arching is a special physical phenomenon in piled embankments that plays a significant role in load distribution between the pile and the subsoil. A modified finite element model, in which the interaction among the embankment fill, pile, and subsoil is simulated by a series of springs, is used in this study to analyze the mechanical behavior of soil arching. The proposed model is easily implemented and time saving compared with traditional models. A field test is conducted to verify the suitability of the numerical model. Results show that the arch-shaped appearance of the maximum principal stress distribution is caused by the composition of the horizontal and vertical stresses. The stress caused by the load changes from the vertical to the horizontal directions with the increase in the embankment fill depth. Soil arching occurs after differential settlement because the height of the equal settlement plane is inconsistent with that of the critical arch height. The maximum intensity of soil arching could be determined by reasonably setting the pile spacing value.